Structural, functional, and evolutionary analysis of Cry toxins of Bacillus thuringiensis: an in silico study

Abstract Background Bacillus thuringiensis ( Bt ) is a gram-positive spore-forming soil bacterium that synthesizes crystalline (Cry) protein, which toxic and causing pathogenicity against mainly three insect orders: Coleoptera, Diptera, Lepidoptera. These protein inclusions, i.e., ?-endotoxins are successfully used as bio-control agent pests. Main body A total of 58 various Cry proteins belonging to these 3 orders were retrieved from SwissProt database categorized into different groups. Structural functional analysis performed understand the domain arrangements at sequence level well structural involving both experimental predicted 3-dimensional models. Besides, evolutionary relationship all observed sequence, domain, levels done using bioinformatics tools. Evolutionary revealed some having toxicity for specific order found be clustered another order, concludes they might have more than one order. Three-dimensional (3D) structure models differ in their was orders. Conclusions It could hypothesized an inner-molecular shift or insertion/deletion taken place during process, consequently causes divergence . The study output may helpful understanding diversity specificity analyzed insecticidal application biopesticide field agriculture.